Advanced Hybridization and Exercises
This section expands on the concept of hybridization, focusing on more complex inorganic compounds and introducing exercises to apply the learned concepts.
The document discusses advanced hybridization schemes involving d orbitals:
- PF5 Phosphoruspentafluoride exhibits sp3d hybridization, resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal structure with five domains.
- SF6 Sulfurhexafluoride shows sp3d2 hybridization, leading to an octahedral geometry with six domains.
Example: In SF6, the sulfur atom uses its 3s, 3p, and two 3d orbitals to form six equivalent sp3d2 hybrid orbitals, allowing it to bond with six fluorine atoms in an octahedral arrangement.
The page then transitions to practical exercises, focusing on determining the molecular geometry and polarity of complex ions like ICl6-.
Highlight: The exercise on ICl6- demonstrates how to apply teoría de enlace de valencia and hybridization concepts to predict the structure of complex ions, considering factors such as the central atom's electronic configuration and the number of bonding and lone pair domains.
The document concludes by mentioning that the ICl6- ion has a square planar geometry with 180° and 90° bond angles, and is non-polar. This example serves to reinforce the importance of understanding hybridization and molecular geometry in predicting the properties of compuestos inorgánicos.
