Leyes de la Termodinámica: La Primera y Segunda Ley, Ejemplos y Fórmulas Divertidas

Enthalpy and Specific Heat Capacity

This page delves into the concepts of enthalpy and specific heat capacity. Enthalpy is described as a property of substances related to energy exchange with surroundings. It is emphasized that enthalpy is a state function, meaning it depends on the values of properties, not the path taken to reach them. The page also introduces the concept of specific heat capacity and provides the formula for calculating heat energy.

Vocabulary: Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat energy that must be applied to increase the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

Example: The formula for heat energy is given as Q = m · Cs · ΔT, where Q is heat, m is mass, Cs is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Laws of Thermodynamics

This page introduces the fundamental laws of thermodynamics. The zeroth law establishes the concept of thermal equilibrium. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is conserved and can change forms but cannot be created or destroyed. The second law of thermodynamics deals with entropy, stating that the entropy of an isolated system always increases. The third law relates to entropy as temperature approaches absolute zero. The page also introduces basic thermodynamic concepts such as system, surroundings, and universe in the context of energy and mass transfer.

Definition: A system in thermodynamics is an imaginary boundary that shows the frontier where mass and energy can enter or exit the area of study.

Highlight: The universe in thermodynamic terms includes both the system under study and its surroundings.