Introduction to Organic Chemistry

This page marks a transition to organic chemistry, which is introduced as the chemistry of carbon-containing compounds. It mentions Friedrich Wöhler's synthesis of urea as a pivotal moment in the field.

Vocabulary: Organic chemistry is defined as the study of carbon-containing compounds, particularly those found in living organisms.

The page also lists important biomolecules such as sugars, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are central to the study of organic chemistry and biochemistry.

Alkane Nomenclature

This page provides a comprehensive table of alkane names, formulas, and structures. It covers alkanes from methane (1 carbon) up to eicosane (20 carbons) and beyond.

Example: Methane (CH4) is the simplest alkane with one carbon atom, while ethane (C2H6) has two carbon atoms.

The page also shows different ways to represent molecular structures, including simple formulas, detailed formulas, and line structures.

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

This page delves deeper into the basics of organic chemistry. It compares the atom as the fundamental unit in chemistry to the cell in biology. The concept of functional groups in organic chemistry is introduced.

Definition: Functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within molecules that give the molecule characteristic properties and reactivity.

The page lists several types of functional groups, including hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic), alcohols, and amines. It also mentions that hydrocarbons are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.