Reacciones y Nomenclatura en Química Orgánica: Ejemplos Simples para Niños

Redox Reactions

This page introduces the concept of oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions. It explains that redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between atoms. Oxidation occurs when an atom loses electrons, while reduction happens when an atom gains electrons.

Definition: Oxidation is the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons.

Example: The reaction between sodium (Na) and iron (Fe) is given as an example, where sodium is oxidized and iron is reduced.

More Redox Examples

This page provides additional examples of redox reactions, including the reaction between lead oxide (PbO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). It also presents a more complex reaction involving lead sulfide (PbS) and oxygen (O2).

Example: In the reaction PbO2 + CO → Pb + CO2, lead is reduced from Pb4+ to Pb2+, while carbon is oxidized from C2+ to C4+.

Highlight: The page emphasizes the importance of identifying which elements are oxidized and which are reduced in each reaction.

Alkane Nomenclature

This page provides a comprehensive table of alkane names, formulas, and structures. It covers alkanes from methane (1 carbon) up to eicosane (20 carbons) and beyond.

Example: Methane (CH4) is the simplest alkane with one carbon atom, while ethane (C2H6) has two carbon atoms.

The page also shows different ways to represent molecular structures, including simple formulas, detailed formulas, and line structures.

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

This page delves deeper into the basics of organic chemistry. It compares the atom as the fundamental unit in chemistry to the cell in biology. The concept of functional groups in organic chemistry is introduced.

Definition: Functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within molecules that give the molecule characteristic properties and reactivity.

The page lists several types of functional groups, including hydrocarbons (aliphatic and aromatic), alcohols, and amines. It also mentions that hydrocarbons are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.